Heart failure (HF) is a condition in which the heart is not able to pump blood effectively. However, its effects go beyond pumping and circulation.
HF is also known to cause a lasting form of innate immune memory in stem cells that synthesize blood and progenitor cells that are present in the bone marrow (BM). This can result in the production of immune cells that promote inflammation and worsen heart function.
However, the exact mechanism of this process remained unclear.